What are the main components of CNC lathes?

Spindle box: The CNC lathe spindle box is fixed on the upper left of the bed. It transmits the rotary motion of the motor to the spindle and drives the workpiece to rotate together through the fixture. By changing the position of the handle outside the box, the spindle can obtain various speeds of forward and reverse.

Feed box: The CNC lathe feed box is fixed on the left front and lower side of the bed and the rotating motion of the main shaft is transmitted to the lead screw or smooth screw through the hanging wheel. Changing the position of the handle outside the box can change the speed of the lead screw or the smooth screw, to achieve the purpose of changing the pitch or feed.

Slide box: The slide box is fixed on the front side of the saddle, and reciprocates longitudinally on the bed rail along with the saddle. Through it, the rotary motion of the lead screw or the smooth rod is changed into the feeding motion of the saddle and the middle slide. Changing the position of the handle outside the box can control the longitudinal or lateral movement of the turning tool (movement direction, start or stop).

Hanging wheel frame: The hanging wheel frame is installed on the left side of the bed. It is equipped with an exchange gear (hanging wheel), which transmits the rotational motion of the main shaft to the feed box. Adjust the gears on the wheel carrier and cooperate with the feed box to turn threads with different pitches.

Tool holder: The tool holder is fixed on the small puller and used to install the spare turning tool.

Drag board: The drag board includes 4 parts: saddle, middle slide, turntable, and small slide. The saddle is mounted on the outer guide rails of the bed and can move longitudinally along the guide rails of the bed; the middle slide plate can move laterally along the dovetail guide rails on the upper part of the saddle; the small slide plate can move longitudinally along the dovetail guide rails on the upper part of the turntable. After the turntable is rotated by an angle, the small slide plate can drive the knife to move obliquely to turn the short inner and outer conical surfaces.

Tailstock: The tailstock is mounted on the guide rails inside the bed, and can move longitudinally along the guide rails of the bed. The tip, drill, reamer, tap, and other knives and auxiliary tools can be installed in the sleeve taper hole on the tailstock to support the workpiece, drilling, reaming, tapping, etc.

Bed: The bed is the basic support of the lathe. It is fixed on the left and right bed legs to support the main parts of the lathe and keep them in an indeterminate relative position during work. Two sets of guide rails on the bed provide accurate guidance for the longitudinal movement of the saddle and tailstock.

Lead screw: The lead screw is mainly used for thread turning and is one of the main precision parts on the lathe. To maintain the precision of the lead screw for a long time, the lead screw is generally not used for automatic feeding.

Smooth bar: The smooth bar transmits the motion of the feed box to the slide box so that the saddle and the middle slide plate are automatically fed vertically and horizontally.

Joystick: Joystick is one of the main parts of the CNC lathe control mechanism. A joystick is installed on the left end of the joystick and the right-hand side of the slide box. The operator can easily and freely manipulate the handle to control the forward rotation, reverse rotation, or stop of the lathe spindle.

Conclusion

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